Automating Apache Tomcat: Essential Shell Scripts for Efficiency 🚀

Apache Tomcat is a powerful and widely used servlet container for Java applications. Automating routine tasks such as installation, deployment, monitoring, and maintenance can significantly enhance efficiency and reduce human error. This blog explores essential shell scripts for automating various Tomcat operations. 🛠️

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🔥 Why Automate Tomcat?

✅ Reduces Manual Effort – No need to repeat the same tasks manually.
✅ Improves Consistency – Ensures the same configurations and procedures across environments.
✅ Enhances Performance – Automates optimizations and monitoring.
✅ Increases Security – Reduces misconfigurations and ensures timely updates.

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🚀 Essential Shell Scripts for Tomcat Automation

1️⃣ Tomcat Installation Script 🏗️

Automate the download, extraction, and setup of Tomcat.

#!/bin/bash
TOMCAT_VERSION=9.0.73
TOMCAT_URL="https://downloads.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-9/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz"
INSTALL_DIR="/opt/tomcat"

sudo mkdir -p $INSTALL_DIR
cd /tmp
wget $TOMCAT_URL -O tomcat.tar.gz
tar -xzf tomcat.tar.gz -C $INSTALL_DIR --strip-components=1
rm tomcat.tar.gz

sudo chmod +x $INSTALL_DIR/bin/*.sh
echo "Tomcat $TOMCAT_VERSION installed successfully in $INSTALL_DIR" 🎉

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2️⃣ Starting and Stopping Tomcat Automatically 🏁

This script manages Tomcat as a service.

#!/bin/bash
TOMCAT_DIR="/opt/tomcat"
ACTION=$1

case "$ACTION" in
    start)
        echo "Starting Tomcat... 🚀"
        $TOMCAT_DIR/bin/startup.sh
        ;;
    stop)
        echo "Stopping Tomcat... ⏹️"
        $TOMCAT_DIR/bin/shutdown.sh
        ;;
    restart)
        echo "Restarting Tomcat... 🔄"
        $TOMCAT_DIR/bin/shutdown.sh
        sleep 5
        $TOMCAT_DIR/bin/startup.sh
        ;;
    *)
        echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart}"
        exit 1
        ;;
esac

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3️⃣ Tomcat Deployment Script 🚀

Deploy WAR files automatically to Tomcat.

#!/bin/bash
WAR_FILE=$1
TOMCAT_WEBAPPS="/opt/tomcat/webapps"

if [ -f "$WAR_FILE" ]; then
    echo "Deploying $WAR_FILE to Tomcat... 📦"
    cp $WAR_FILE $TOMCAT_WEBAPPS/
    echo "Deployment successful! ✅"
else
    echo "WAR file not found! ❌"
    exit 1
fi

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4️⃣ Log Monitoring Script 📜

Monitor Tomcat logs in real-time.

#!/bin/bash
TOMCAT_LOGS="/opt/tomcat/logs/catalina.out"
echo "Monitoring Tomcat logs... 🔍"
tail -f $TOMCAT_LOGS

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5️⃣ Tomcat Auto-Restart on Crash 🛡️

Ensure Tomcat restarts automatically if it crashes.

#!/bin/bash
TOMCAT_DIR="/opt/tomcat"
LOG_FILE="/var/log/tomcat_monitor.log"

while true; do
    if ! pgrep -f tomcat > /dev/null; then
        echo "Tomcat is down! Restarting... ⚠️" | tee -a $LOG_FILE
        $TOMCAT_DIR/bin/startup.sh
    fi
    sleep 60
done

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🚀 Performance Optimization Scripts

6️⃣ Optimize JVM Settings ⚙️

Adjust Java heap size and garbage collection for better performance.

#!/bin/bash
TOMCAT_DIR="/opt/tomcat"
JVM_OPTS="-Xms512m -Xmx1024m -XX:+UseG1GC"

export CATALINA_OPTS="$JVM_OPTS"
echo "JVM options updated for optimized performance: $JVM_OPTS ✅"

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7️⃣ Clear Cache & Temp Files 🧹

Remove unnecessary files to free up disk space and improve speed.

#!/bin/bash
TOMCAT_DIR="/opt/tomcat"

echo "Clearing Tomcat cache and temp files... 🧹"
rm -rf $TOMCAT_DIR/work/* $TOMCAT_DIR/temp/*
echo "Cleanup completed successfully! ✅"

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8️⃣ Check Active Sessions 👥

Monitor the number of active user sessions.

#!/bin/bash
TOMCAT_MGR_URL="http://localhost:8080/manager/status?XML=true"
USERNAME="admin"
PASSWORD="password"

SESSIONS=$(curl -s -u $USERNAME:$PASSWORD $TOMCAT_MGR_URL | grep '<session>' | wc -l)
echo "Current active sessions: $SESSIONS 👥"

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